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Doctoral Theses /KS K3
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Doctoral Theses /KS K3
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Transversal media practices : media archaeology, art and technologica... 
Gansing, Kristoffer : Malmö University, Faculty of Culture and Society
New Media, Public Spheres and Forms of Expression;4 (2013)DOCTORAL
THESIS
English abstract: Transversal Media Practices work across specific situations of technological development, critically examining and redefining the terms of production in different media by bringing heterogeneous histories, institutions, actors and materialities into play with one another. This dissertation is all about trying out and refining the methodologies of such transversal media practices, in the end outlining a conceptual set of tools for further development. Following the technological hype of the “digital revolution” of the mid-1990s, the field of new media studies gained popularity over a ten year period. This dissertation takes its cue from a historical turn in new media theory, and argues that it is time leave behind strict polarisations between old and new as well as analogue and digital. The study unfolds through two case-studies. The first, “The World’s Last Television Studio”, looks at tv-tv, an art and media-activist project that negotiates the socio¬cultural and material changes of the “old” and institutionalised mass medium of television. In the second case study, “The Art of the Overhead”, another old medium is engaged: the overhead projector – a quintessen¬tial 20th century institutional medium here presented as a device for rethinking the new through the old. The problematic of technological development, i.e. dealing with questions of how (media) technologies develop over time, forms the background to these two case studies. A key issue being how cultural and artistic practices dealing with the interaction of old and new media invite us to conceptualise technological development in new ways. The emerging field of media archaeology is employed as a methodology in media studies and cultural production, comprising a theoretical and applied analysis of media history, materiality and practice. This transversal approach allows media archaeologists to deal with the relation between the old and the new in a non-linear way as well as to pay attention to the technical materiality of media. It is argued that the transversality of the media-archaeological approach should be seen in contrast to other conceptions of media history and technological development, such as progressivist, mono-medial and evolutionary ones. In this study, the author tries out the potential of media archaeology to reform our conception of media technologies, and eventually formulates a set of concepts for thinking and doing media archaeology as a transversal media practice. These tools are about the imaginary, residual and renewable dimensions of media technologies and are meant to assist in the opening up and intervening into processes of standardised media development. On a general level the resulting set of tools for transversal media practices builds a bridge between theory and practice: they can be used for further research and cultural analysis where objects of study speak back to analytical concepts. At the same time these are tools for transversality that expand this form of cultural analysis in that the travelling between disciplines here also means a travelling between theory and practice. On a specific level, the tools enable this travel between theory and practice in media- and communication studies, and as such they contribute to the development of new practice-based methodologies in media research. 
Gansing KS muep_ny.pdf
(5.521Mb)
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Material matters in co-designing : formatting & staging with particip...
Eriksen, Mette Agger : Faculty of Culture and Society, Malmö University
Dissertation series in New Media, Public Spheres, and Forms of Expression;3 (2012)
The following institutions have co-financed and co-hosted the PhD studies: Danish Centre for Design Research (DCDR) / The Danish Design School, Denmark. Computer Science Department (DAIMI), Aarhus University, Denmark. Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden. The Swedish Faculty for Design Research and Research Education, Sweden.Within Malmö University the PhD studies have been located at: Arts and Communication / K3. Ph.D. subject: Interaction designDOCTORAL
THESIS
English abstract: Material Matters in Co-designing Participation in design is broadening, and there is a movement away from designing to co-designing. They are related, but the little co- makes them different organizational and socio-material practices. Practically, co-designing typically takes place in multidisciplinary, distributed, complex projects, where people – and invited materials – only occasionally meet, align and make each other act, in the situation at quite explicitly staged co-design events. With a broad view of materiality and focus on co-designing as processes, this work suggests ways of understanding and staging a co-designing practice, which entails a move away from a focus on methods and pre-designed proposals, towards an acknowledgement of participating materials and formatting co-designing. This calls for additional ‘material’ (broadly understood) of the co-designer, including skills of drawing together and delegating roles to non-humans as parts of staging co-designing with others. Further, it necessitates a different understanding of co-design processes from what can be efficiently managed to materially staging performative co-designing. This practice-based, programmatic and materially interventionistic work builds upon and draws together about ten years of engaging with hundreds of people and materials in many co-design networks, projects, events and situations, through five experimental, participatory design research projects, teaching and other co-design ‘workshop’ series. Partly in opposition to the ‘classic’ design field of industrial design, the thesis intends to contribute to the (co-) design fields of interaction design and especially participatory design, but also to co-creation and service design.
2043_13674 Agger KS muep.pdf
(14.43Mb)
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Digital rhetoric and poetics: Signifying strategies in electronic lit...
Memmott, Talan : Faculty of Culture and Society, Malmö University
Dissertation series in New Media, Public Spheres and Forms of Expression, Faculty of Culture and Society, Malmö University;2 (2011)DOCTORAL
THESIS
English abstract: The dissertation explores computational and media-based signifying strategies in electronic literature from the point of view of reading, writing, programming and design, with a focus on the rhetoric and poetics of heavily mediated, multi-modal digital artifacts. With the introduction of images, animations, audio, and the procedural into the area of literary practice it is perhaps no longer sufficient to consider electronic literature within the domain of traditional concepts of rhetoric or poetics. Signification in media-rich electronic literary work occurs across semantic and semiological systems, and technological paradigms. As such, it is important that both practitioner and scholar understand how these attributes of digital media operate poetically and rhetorically, how they facilitate and sometimes undermine meaning-making in electronic literature. Throughout the text many of the complex issues around electronic literature are exposed, and through this reading strategies and potential avenues for new or alternative critical methods are offered. In its breadth of considerations, this dissertation provides a substantial overview of my research interests and involvement in the field of electronic literature for many years. In addition, the dissertation provides something of a chronology of the field from 2000 to 2011, tracing the evolution and emergence of different manifestations of digital rhetoric and poetics.
2043_12547 Memmott muep.pdf
(5.727Mb)
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Gendered journalism cultures : strategies and tactics in the fields o...
Melin, Margareta : JMG, University of Göteborg
Göteborgska studier i journalistik och masskommunikation;51 (2008)DOCTORAL
THESIS
English abstract: The aim of the dissertation is to explore the way journalism works in two social fields of journalism, those of Britain and Sweden, from 1989 to 2002. The focus of the study is on creation and re-creation of value systems, power-struggles, and on their gendered nature. The dissertation is placed in the theoretical crossroads of sociology of journalism, feminism and cultural studies and this theoretical abduction process is summarised in the concept journalism culture. The tools used to analyse the fields were appropriated from the theoretical worlds of Pierre Bourdieu and Michel de Certeau. Three studies have been done: one large questionnaire to 1500 Swedish journalists in 1989, and two thematic interview studies of 33 British journalists between 1992 and 2002. In addition, secondary research material of both quantitative and qualitative nature has been used. The conclusion of the book is that similarities outweigh the differences between the two journalism cultures of Britain and Sweden. And both cultures are similarly permeated by the gendered logic of journalism. The author argues that continuous battles on the fields were going on over doxa (a belief-system of what journalism “is”, and how to do it). And she shows that the doxas, through these battles, show both stability and change. She argues that the powerful elite was under attack by new groups of journalists, and that the elite use various strategies to ward off the new groups, who in turn use tactics to gain access to the fields and to positions of power, and to cope in their everyday work. Four tactics were identified. Issues of feminisation and gentrification of journalism are also discussed. Swedish abstract: Avhandlingens syfte är att förstå journalistik genom att undersöka brittiska och svenska journalistikkulturer mellan 1989 och 2002. Fokus är lagt på om/skapandet av värdesystem och på maktkampers könade karaktär. Tre studier ligger till grund för avhandlingen: en enkätstudie till 1500 svenska journalister 1989, samt två intervjustudier av 33 brittiska journalister mellan 1992 och 2002. Dessutom har sekundärt forskningsmaterial om båda ländernas journalistik använts. Avhandlingens teoretiska grund är placerad i korsningen mellan journalistikforskning, feminism och kulturstudier, med begreppet journalistikkultur som sammanfattande huvudfokus. Användbara begrepp approprierades från Pierre Bourdieus och Michel de Certeaus teoretiska världar. Den huvudsakliga slutsatsen är att de två undersökta journalistikkulturerna har mer gemensamt än vad de har som skiljer dem åt. Främst visar det sig genom den genomgående könade logiken, som genomsyrar kulturerna. Författaren visar att de oavbrutna maktkamperna på de två journalistiska fälten rörde sig om en kamp om doxa (verklighetsuppfattning om vad journalistik ”är” och vad som görs inom yrket). Till följd av dessa maktkamper har doxa både förändrats och förblivit stabila. Eftersom den journalistiska eliten ständigt är under attack av nya grupper av journalister, använde sig den av olika strategier för att försvara doxa. Avhandlingen har främst fokuserat på kvinnliga journalisters kamp att ta sig in på journalistikens fält, nå maktposition, samt att klara av den journalistiska vardagen. För att klara detta använder de olika taktiker. Fyra sådana taktiker hittades. Slutligen diskuteras journalistikens feminisering och gentrifiering, samt konsekvenserna av detta.
Inlaga final
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Omslag final
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Pretend that it is Real! Convergence Culture in Practice
Denward, Marie : Faculty of Culture and Society, Malmö University
Dissertation series in New Media, Public Spheres, and Forms of Expression, Faculty of Culture and Society, Malmö University;1 (2011)DOCTORAL
THESIS
English abstract: Media convergence has mainly been defined and explained as a technological and industrial phenomenon; as the process where new technologies are accommodated by existing media and communication industries and their cultures of production. One consequence of convergence in today’s hybrid media landscape is that the previously distinct borders between production and consumption have become blurred. This means that convergence also takes place as a bottom-up social process initiated by media users that move almost anywhere and everywhere in search of entertainment experiences of their liking. This thesis sheds light on the different types of media convergence that took place in the process of making the transmedia storytelling production Sanningen om Marika. The Swedish public service provider, SVT, and the pervasive games upstart company, The company P, combined their expertise in broadcasting and games development to craft this ‘participation drama’. During five months in 2007, the production offered Swedes nationwide rich possibilities to interact and participate, or just to watch or lurk on the production’s various platforms. Using an ethnographic approach, field studies were conducted throughout the design, implementation and production phases. The analysis shows that even if instances of convergence could be identified, the collaboration did not proceed smoothly. The companies’ different media logics with their differing cultures of production created tensions and frictions. The different logics of television, internet and games - different in quality demands and with different audience participation models - made it difficult to create a hybrid production. Television genres blurred fiction and facts, and the ordinary was blurred with activities of games and play in the production, making the audience reception and interpretations differ extensively. Lastly, the designed audience participation did not remove the asymmetrical relationship between producers and users in media, but instead highlighted issues of hierarchies, lack of participant empowerment and inequality between participants. Swedish abstract: Mediekonvergens definieras och förklaras oftast som en teknisk och industriell företeelse, som den process där ny teknik anpassas till den befintliga medieindustrin och dess produktionskulturer. I dagens hybrida medielandskap kan mediekonvergens också beskrivas som den sociala process och de aktiviteter som medieanvändare deltar i när de rör sig mellan olika medier i jakt på underhållning och erfarenheter. Mediekonvergens kan alltså bättre förklaras som en dubbelriktad process där de tidigare tydliga gränserna mellan produktion och konsumtion suddas ut. Avhandlingen behandlar den transmediala berättarproduktionen Sanningen om Marika och belyser flera av de olika typer av mediekonvergens som ägde rum i produktionen. I skapandet av detta s.k. deltagardrama kombinerade Sveriges Television, och det nystartade spelutvecklarföretaget The company P, sin expertis i teve- och spelproduktion. Under fem månader 2007 erbjöds Den svenska publiken kunde under 2007 delta i produktionens varierande aktiviteter, från tevetittande, webbaktiviteter i chattar och forum till deltagande i gatuspelsaktiviteter. Studien genomfördes med etnografiska fältstudier under produktionens design-, produktions- och implementationsfas. Analysen visar att, trots att företagens samarbete resulterade i olika former av konvergens, problem uppstod. Företagens olika medielogiker och dess skilda produktionskulturer skapade spänningar och friktion. De olika logiker och de kvalitetskrav som TV, internet och spel har försvårade skapandet av den hybrida produktionen, bl.a. användes olika metoder för publikens deltagande. Dessutom suddade de olika TV-genrerna som användes ut gränsen mellan fiktion och fakta. Spelaktiviteterna designades för att överbrygga skillnaden mellan fakta och dikt, bl.a. för att förstärka deltagarnas upplevelser. Analysen av deltagarnas upplevelser visar att deras uppfattningar och tolkningar skilde sig mycket åt. Vissa förstod att produktionen var fiktion, andra trodde att de deltog i ett verkligt sökande efter en försvunnen person. Slutligen konstateras att producenternas målsättning för deltagande och initiativtagande inte helt lyckades. Den asymmetriska relationen mellan medieproducenter och medieanvändare som alltid finns, underströk frågor om hierarkier, brist på deltagarens egenmakt och ojämlikhet mellan aktörerna.
Denward muep.pdf
(6.614Mb)
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