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Browsing Conference Contributions /HS SA by Title
Now showing items 1-18 of 18
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Between professional ambivalence and multidisciplinary harmony 
Löfgren-Mårtenson, Lotta
Conference paper in Pleasure and health by education, councelling and treatment; : The Finnish Association for Sexology (FIAS) (2012)
Nordic Association for Clinical Sexology, NACS, 4-7 October 2012, Helsinki.peer-reviewed 
conference
PAPER
English abstract: This study is part of a larger research project that explore the evolution of sexology profession in Sweden, and additionally compare some of these trends with other European sexologists. More specific, this study aims to get in-depth knowledge of Swedish sexologist’s own descriptions of themselves and their profession. Data was collected through qualitative research interviews with 34 professionally active sexologists and members of The Swedish Association for Sexology, [SFS], 26 women and 8 men, aged 34–88 years. Results show that the informants can be divided into medical and therapeutical sexologists, all of whom identify strongly with their primary profession prior to becoming sexologists. Physician as sexologist has given way to healthcare professionals such as social workers and nurses, whereby sexology has been transformed into a female-dominated field in Sweden as well as in other European countries. This paradigm shift has has created tensions between different approaches. Based on varying skills and educational backgrounds, different groups of sexologists have emerged: pioneers, competence sexologists, entrepreneurs, research sexologists and the non-professionals. Competition is not experienced toward others within the interdisciplinary realm of sexology, but rather between those who have professional authority and those non-professionals who strive for legitimacy in the field. 
Sexologist NACS 2012 8 aug pdf.pdf
(275.6Kb)
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Families in context. A transnational approach Righard, Erica (2012)
Joint World Conference on Social Work and Social Development: Action and Impact. Stockholm, Sweden, 8-12 July 2012.other
English abstract: This presentation is about the variation of family forms and how this can be understood in a local and trans-local perspective. The family is approached in two different ways; as framed by norms and values embedded within social policy and as framed by family practices. The comparative study of social policy informs us how norms and values embedded within welfare systems foster different expectations about the family as an institution; what caring responsibilities the family should take on. This fostering involves the structuring of social relations inside the family; between women and men and between children and parents. Whereas in some contexts the family (read women) is expected to take on the responsibility of caring for children, elderly, sick, disabled, etc., in other contexts the state will, in varying degrees, take on part that responsibility. This means that welfare states shape the contours of “normal” family relations; intimate relations tied up with conceptions of who we are, and that this normality is contextual varying across time and space. Taking another perspective, transnational studies inform us how individual and collective actors live their life oriented towards and even anchored within two or more states; in two or more sets of norms and values. In view of the more macro-oriented understanding of intimate relations that culturally inclined social policy scholars suggest, this article deals with a more micro-oriented analysis of how foreign born parents residing in a locality in Sweden respond to tensions between different sets of norms and values of how family relations as a normative practice should be constituted. The puzzle at stake is how migrants who have moved or is moving across space embedded in different sets of norms and values of what is considered to be “good” parental relations with children, experience and deal with tensions between different sets of norms and values in their parenthood. The study suggests that while some migrants adapt to the norms and values fostered by the Swedish welfare state, others ignore them overall. A third group captures a middle ground identifying themselves with some aspects of the norms and values fostered by the Swedish welfare state but not in others. This variation of identities, leads off to a variation of practices within and across state borders and cultures that are dependent on various forms of individual and collective resources. -
International perspectives on social work - A review of the theoretic... Righard, Erica (2012)
Ninth annual IMISCOE conference. Mobility as the new paradigmatic perspective in the social sciences? 28-29 August 2012, Amsterdamother
English abstract: Social workers increasingly meet people who live their life oriented towards and sometimes even anchored in two or more countries across the world, and face situations and social problems that cannot be understood from solely a local perspective. This development has nourished the interest of international perspectives on social work, which today are growing in importance. Due to this situation it is appropriate to review existing perspectives and definitions. The first definitions of international social work came in the 1940s, in the shadow of the second world war. A second wave of theory development came about from the late 1960s due to the emergence of critical theory. Ongoing globalization and the increased dependency between different parts of the world are profound for the ongoing theory development. This review of the literature indicates that while the first definitions of international perspectives on social work were reduced to consider cross-border dimensions, over time inter-cultural dimensions have become an integrated part of international perspectives on social work. In what is today sometimes called transnational social work, the cross-border and cross-cultural dimensions of social work are conflated. The contribution of the review lies in that it shows how earlier discussions and dilemmas are reproduced within the globalization discourse. -
Love in Cyber space
Löfgren-Mårtenson, Lotta (2006)
Nordic Association for Clinical Sexology, NACS 29th Annual Meeting, Göteborg, Sweden, September 7 – 10, 2006conference
PAPER
English abstract: Internet has become an increasingly usual way for people to contact each other, to flirt, fall in love and start relationships. How does this development influence today’s young people with intellectual disabilities? The presentation will present a picture of the Internet experiences of some of today’s adolescents with intellectual disabilities and of the surrounding world’s view on this usage of Internet. The presentation is based on a qualitative study in which 10 young people with intellectual disabilities and 12 staff members were interviewed. The results show that young people with intellectual disabilities of today also use Internet mainly for social and love life reasons. They view Internet as a positive arena where they can be “like everybody else” and therefore they generally present themselves without mentioning their disabilities. However, their surrounding world tends to worry considerably, mainly focusing on the risks involved in this usage of Internet. -
Love.com: Young People with Intellectual Disabilities and the Usage o...
Löfgren-Mårtenson, Lotta (2011)
37th Annual Meeting of the International Academy of Sex Research (IASR) at UCLA, LA, 10-13 August, 2011peer-reviewed
conference
PAPER
English abstract: Introduction and method: The Internet has become a common way for people to contact each other, to flirt and start relationships. How does this development influence today’s young people with intellectual disabilities (ID)? This qualitative study is based on interviews with 10 young people with intellectual disabilities and 12 staff members in Sweden. Findings and discussion: Young people with ID also use Internet, mainly for social and romantic reasons. They view the Internet as a positive arena where they can be “like everybody else” without mentioning their disabilities. It is seen as a “free-zone” from the control by staff members and parents. People around them tend to worry and focus on the risks of being deluded or abused involved in the usage. The young people themselves perceive the risks for disappointments or unfulfilled expectations in a partner as the more serious risk. Recommendations: It is important to meet the young people’s need of being a part of the youth net-culture, where they can social contacts and practicing communication and spelling. But also it is vital to inform about the risks of being deluded or abused in a nuanced way.
LA PROGRAM BOOKLET 2011_0.pdf
(1.473Mb)
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Marginalized sexuality? Attitudes and experiences among adolescents i...
Lindroth, Malin; Löfgren-Mårtenson, Lotta (2011)
International Academy of Sex Research- IASR- Annual meeting, August 10-14, 2011, Los Angeles, USA.conference
POSTER
English abstract: Background: Every year approximately 1500 adolescents (aged 12-20) are placed at Swedish detention homes run by the National Board of Institutional Care (SiS) according to the laws of “The young persons act” or “Secure institutional treatment for young offenders instead of prison”. Little is known about the sexual health of these adolescents, although earlier research, mainly international, strongly indicates that troubled youths in general are subjected to sexual exposure. Methods: A survey covering different aspects of sexual health with 148 boys (64 %) and girls (36 %) with an average age of 17 at Swedish detention homes was conducted. The survey focused sexual knowledge, attitudes and behaviours and the results were compared with the answers from other youths. Results: The adolescents at detention homes holds different attitudes towards sexuality compared to the ones in the national sample. They are to a greater extent, the boys more than the girls, negative towards homosexual relations; the girls’ sexual actions are judged harder than boys’; and none considered themselves as being homosexual although close to one third of the girls consider themselves as being bisexual. The average age for sexual debut, which most commonly took place with an older person with whom the boy or girl did not have an ongoing relationship, is three years earlier compared to other youths. Alcohol and drugs during sexual debut, experiences of sex against ones will, of selling and buying sex, of unprotected vaginal intercourse, of becoming or making someone pregnant is more common within the group. Conclusion: The results, although not unexpected, provides important knowledge to be used in comprehensive sexual health education which we suggest should be offered these young persons during their stay at the youth detention homes. The aim is to develop such a curriculum, let the detained adolescents reflect upon it in focus-groups and implement it.
PosterLA.pdf
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Pleasure and Pain - BDSM Activities Within Relationships Carlström, Charlotta (2012)
International Academy of Sex Research, IASR. Estoril Portugal July 8-11, 2012other
English abstract: The purpose of this study is to highlight experiences of living in a relationship where BDSM is being exercised. The acronym is an umbrella term for bondage/discipline, dominance/submission and sadomasochism. The study is based on interviews with persons who define themselves as BDSM practitioners. The overall questions of this study are: How does the BDSM practice appear in everyday life? How did the practice start and how has it developed over time? What is included in the sexual BDSM practice? The empirical material has been analyzed with interactionism as the theoretical framework. The picture that emerges is complex. To define oneself as a BDSM practitioner might mean different things for different people where the extent of the practice, what it consists of and how integrated it is in the lives of people might vary from person to person. But despite differences there are also recurring, common patterns in the stories of the informants. All of them describe the practice in positive terms. To a great extent the practice has to do with sexuality where an explicit power exchange, an assuming of dominant and submissive roles and an everyday life filled with rituals, rules and agreements are described as being key elements. Punishment, in the form of physical pain or humiliation, is common when the rules are not obeyed. All the interviewees use safe words to make sure both are comfortable about what's happening. Some sorts of tools are utilized by all. The most common are whips, bonds, chains and locks, paddles, clamps/clothespins, knives, butt plugs and ropes. There is a concern among the informants to find and to form strategies to cope and to adapt the BDSM role to other roles and here the parental role is the most apparent. Also an ambition to create a balance between the personal norms and the norms of the BDSM culture and those of the overall society can be seen. The interviewees express a search for answers to why one practices BDSM. In this process they return to experiences, almost exclusively of a destructive nature, and they wonder if these experiences have affected their sexuality and their preference for BDSM. It is like this even if the common attitude in society actually has become more accepting, for example with the help of media, recent research and the fact that BDSM is not considered a disorder in Sweden anymore. -
Reflections on disadvantage in education with focus on socio-economic...
Cederberg, Margareta; Hartsmar, Nanny; Lingärde, Svante (2008)
Paper for the Tenth European Conference of the EC SOCRATES programme Thematic Network Children's Identity & Citizenship in Europe, Istanbul, 29-31 May, 2008conference
PAPER
2008_101.pdf
(184.8Kb)
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Social mobilization or illicit drug use and street crimes: Two strate...
Lalander, Philip; Sernhede, Ove (2012)
38th Annual Alcohol Epidemiology Symposium of the Kettil Bruun Society, 4-8 June 2012, Stavanger, Norwaypeer-reviewed
conference
PAPER
English abstract: This presentation deals with processes of marginalization and patterns of segregation in contemporary Sweden, which have transformed the former welfare state towards increased segregation and inequality between different social groups. Two ethnographic studies on young men (one carried out by Lalander and another by Ove Sernhede) living in stigmatized metropolitan areas are used in discussion and analysis. During the 1990s we could see the birth and growth of new forms of poverty in multi-ethnic suburbs of the metropolitan districts of Sweden. During the last two decades, youth subcultures oriented towards Reggae and Hip hop have grown and attracted many young people in these metropolitan areas. This article focuses on how two youth collectives in two metropolitan areas developed different strategies to cope with discrimination, second class citizenship and territorial stigmatization. In both these collectives it is possible so see how informal learning processes, embedded in cultural praxis of the youth groups and empowered by a connection to African-American music cultures, enable these groups and individuals to express themselves. The youth collective in one suburb articulates a social and political criticism that could be compared to the cultural aspirations of the labour movement in the early part of the last century. The youth from the other neighbourhood have a strong fascination with criminal out-law culture and do not articulate themselves in the same way as members of the other group. Still their cultural expressions must be understood as ways to deal with their positions as marginalized, immigrant youth.
KBS article.pdf
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Teaching social work beyond taken-for-granted assumptions of 'the soc... Righard, Erica; Montesino, Norma (2012)
Joint World Conference on Social Work and Social Development: Action and Impact. Stockholm, Sweden 8-12 July 2012.other
English abstract: This presentation deals with the national framing of the Swedish social work education and discusses the necessity of relating it to processes of globalization. First we shall problematize how social work has been institutionalized in the Swedish context, and second, relying on the concept of ‘the ignorant schoolmaster’ (Rancière) describe and analyze experiences of teaching social work in the context of the ongoing restructuring. In Sweden, as elsewhere, ‘the social’ was institutionalized within the frames of the nation-state towards the end of the nineteenth and early twentieth century. These frames, sometimes referred to as methodological nationalism, have conditioned social work both as an academic discipline and as a field of practice and education. However, due to the on-going re-structuring, social problems are no longer successfully dealt with within the national framing of social work. While it is certain that this has implications for the education, it is uncertain how this is adequately dealt with. Here we describe and analyze an attempt to go beyond the institutionalized frames of social work education. In 2009 we accompanied a group of first-year students on a 10-days long field study in Belarus. The field trip was initiated and organized by the students, and we literally participated as ‘ignorant schoolmasters’. This had several implications for the learning process. Instead of a master-student relation, the learning process was characterized by equality; instead of explicators, our roles were to ask questions and to listen. The learning process connected abstract knowledge to actual experiences as well as to personal lives. This includes experiences of poverty, housing, hospitals, orphanages and youth workhouses alien to the Swedish context. It also includes the meeting with transnational families, transnational labor, transnational care and even transnational social work as a response to poverty gaps between different countries. In this way the learning process stretched beyond taken-for-granted assumptions of the social. -
The master student in sexology - a pilot study at Malmö University
Löfgren-Mårtenson, Lotta; Månsson, Sven-Axel (2008)
31st NACS conference, Reykjavik, Sept. 4th-7th, 2008other
English abstract: Introduction and objectives: In 2007 a new master program in sexology started at the faculty of Health and Society at Malmö University, Sweden. The aim of the program is to offer an academic education on an advanced level, according to the Bologna process, to midwifes, social workers, psychologists and teachers that aspire to work or already work in the field of sexology. Moreover, the program intends to attract aspiring researchers to continue on a higher level at the university. In the first round, more than 130 applications were submitted by prospective students, 30 were accepted and started their studies in the fall of 2007. A second group will start in the fall of 2008. But who are the master students in sexology? Which are their demographic and professional backgrounds? And what intentions do they have with their studies? Methods: As part of a future study about sexologists as professionals and the professionalization of sexology, a pilot questionnaire study has been conducted, containing. The sample is limited to the first class of master students at the sexology program at Malmö University. At the time of the study they had terminated three out of four courses of their first year of a total of three years. 23 out of 29 students answered completed the questionnaire. Preliminary results: A majority of the students are women (87 %), ages 35-45 (23 % 35-40 years and 23 % 40-45 years). Nearly 70 % are married or cohabit, 13 % are singles or/and divorced. Almost half of the students are social workers (48 %), while nurses (17, 4 %) and midwifes (17, 4 %) are fewer but still well represented. A few are psychologists and one is a teacher. Most of them are professionals with “sexological elements” as a part of their daily work (73 %), mainly of an advisory and/or informative character (65 %). A majority intend to work as sexologists after their master degree (70 %), and more than half of the them wants to begin a research career (56, 6 %). The majority are satisfied with the form and content of master program (64 %), however approximately one third (36, 4 %) is not. The latter demand a more clinical perspective and consider the master program having too much of a sociological focus. On the other hand, the students are aware of that two more years of the master program probably will secure a better balance between the clinical and sociological aspects of sexology. . Conclusions: The interest from professionals to attend a master program in sexology is very extensive, which means that Malmö University has to secure a continued high quality education on an advanced level and offer both competent teachers in the sexological field and supervisors for the master thesis in order to meet the student’s expectations and professional needs. Many of the students also aspire for a research career, which means that Malmö University has to prepare itself for studies on a higher level according to the Bologna process.
31st NACS conference, Reykjavik.doc
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The relationship between theory, practice and research.
Månsson, Sven-Axel; Löfgren-Mårtenson, Lotta (2008)
31st NACS conference, Sept. 4th-7th, Reykjavík, 2008other
English abstract: Introduction: In 2007 a master program in sexology was started within the faculty of Health and Society at Malmö University, Sweden. The aim of the program is to offer training on an advanced academic level, according to the Bologna process, to professionals in health care, schools, clinical centers, etc. Moreover, the program aims at attracting students who are interested in a future research career within the field of sexology and sexuality studies. Thus the program focuses on promoting in-depth knowledge about sexuality as a phenomenon and about sexology as a field of practice and science from an interdisciplinary perspective. Special attention is given to the significance of different cultural perspectives on sexuality and also to how research, teaching and training within the sexological field are shaped by the fact that Scandinavian societies today are characterized by ethnic and cultural diversity. The program is closely linked to the research program Gender, Sexuality and Social work at the same faculty (www.mah.se/hs/kssa), which contains different areas of research in the social science field. The members of the resarch program participate as teachers in the master program. Overall the group of teachers and researchers attached to the program are engaged in developing the contents of sexology as field of knowledge and research and its relations to practical and clinical sexological work. Questions: Which pedagogical and theoretical methods and models have been used at the master program? What studies are being conducted within the research program Gender, Sexuality and Social Work? Conclusions: The pedagogical aim is to combine different learning methods in order to adapt new theoretical aspects of sexology, learn new models for working with sexual health in different areas and to reflect among values and attitudes concerning sexuality. Theories from different perspective of sexuality are used, but according to the aim of the program is the social constructive theory especially useful. Lectures are combined with discussions, group papers connected to the theme of the course and individual papers. The students are seen as competent sources that are increasing the level of learning by contributing with their special knowledge in different areas. The research program consist of studies within the fields of prostitution and trafficking, sexuality and violence, homosexuality, hiv and hiv-prevention, masculinities and mens’ parenthood, youth and sexuality, sexuality and disability, treatment of sex offenders, ethnical relations and sexuality, pornography and sexual exposure.
31st NACS conference, Reykjavik.doc
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The right to sexual health : a pilot study on sex education and young... Löfgren-Mårtenson, Lotta
Conference paper in Proceedings from the 20th World Congress of Sexual Health;60
The Journal of Sexual Medicine;8/s3 (2011)
The 20th World Congress for Sexual Heath, Glasgow, June 12-16, 2011.peer-reviewed
conference
PAPER
English abstract: Background: In Sweden sex education has been compulsory since 1955. However, access to this still seems to be insufficient in special schools. Worries about unwanted pregnancies, sexual abuse and sexual risk situations make the surrounding unsecure about what, how and who are most supposed to deal with the subject. Also, there are a lot of changes of community patterns and social arenas for love and sexuality due to the Internet. Young people with ID look upon the Net as an arena where they can be as “everyone else”. Teachers, in the contrary, looks at the usage of the Internet as sexual risk taking behaviour. Knowledge of so called net rules is one way to counteract the risks, but these rules are seldom supplied to young people with ID. A heteronormativ norm in sex education makes young gay people with ID to be an invisible group. Finally, stereotyped gender norms where girls are supposed to be oriented towards love and relationships and boys towards sexuality make it harder for young people with ID to find a more nuanced way to act. Purpose: The study aim to strengthen the sexual health among young people with ID, and to develop knowledge from their own experiences that can help teachers in special school to supply sufficient sex education. Research questions: Which experiences of sex education do young people with ID in the age of 16-21 have? Are there any similarities or differences between boys and girls? In what way, and by whom, should sex education be supplied? What themes do the young people with ID think is of importance? Methods: Qualitative research interviews with young females and males with ID in the age of 16-21 years. The use of the study: The results from the study intend to be used to develop an adequate pedagogic model for sex education at special schools. -
Translating fear and abuse into Arabic/Islamic concepts: process and ... Wangel, Anne-Marie; Ouis, Pernilla; Östman, Margareta : 2nd Conference of Migrant Health in Europe, (2008) conference
POSTER
English abstract: Background: To study sexual and reproductive health issues, an understanding of cultural and language bound concepts is needed. Scandinavian studies of native speaking women show a relation between history of partner violence, sexual abuse and fear of delivery. In Malmo the third largest city of Sweden, 36% of the population has a foreign background. The proportion of Arabic speaking women within maternity care is increasing in Sweden. Islamic concepts are often based in the Arabic language and are of importance for non-Arabic speaking Muslim women as well. To enable participation in a prospective study on history of abuse and fear and delivery outcome, the validated instruments needed translation into Arabic language. Aim: To describe challenges in translating instruments, on fear and abuse, developed for westernized societies into an Arabic questionnaire. Method: Interviews and face validity testing of translated instruments from Western language to develop an Arabic questionnaire were conducted. Results: In order to validate translated instruments of concepts related to sexual and reproductive health, an understanding of cultural and religious ideas, meaning of words for sexuality, violence, abuse, fear and “destiny” needs to be addressed and considered. Examples of international approaches to these issues will be presented. Conclusion: Translation of cultural concepts for questionnaire development requires more than understanding and interpretation. Ethical approval 2006/354-31; 2007/1360-32. PhD-studies by faculty funding -
WHEN OPPORTUNITY OUTDOES RISK – SEXUAL RISK-TAKING AMONG ADOLESCENTS ...
Lindroth, Malin; Löfgren-Mårtenson, Lotta (2011)
37th Annual Meeting of the International Academy of Sex Research (IASR) at UCLA, LA, August 10-13, 2011conference
POSTER
English abstract: Background: Youth subjected to enforced placement due to criminality, alcohol or drug abuse or antisocial behavior is a vulnerable group; their overall health as well as their sexual health is lower than the one of their non-detained peers. In a previous survey 2010 we found elevated sexual risk-taking among Swedish adolescent at detention centers. What is the underlying significance of these risky sexual actions, such as first intercourse at the age of 11-12, sex under the influence of drugs or alcohol, and/or having unprotected sex with an unknown partner? Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted in 2011 with 9 girls and 11 boys aged 15-20 who at the time of the interviews were subject to mandatory care in enforced placement. Using constructivist Grounded Theory, these interviews were analyzed jointly with the results from a previous 2010 survey that included 148 detainees aged 15-20. Results: The sexual risk-taking can be understood along three separate but intersecting dimensions: the individual, the group and the society. Individual differences such as gender, age, ethnicity, substance abuse and cognitive ability affect the risk-taking. Furthermore, low school attendance leads up to a lack of basic sexual knowledge, and alcohol and drug use, and a chaotic lifestyle all contribute to hazardous risk assessment. On a group level the interned youth are seeking intimacy, confirmation and a sexual identity as other youth However, their search is on a societal level an ambivalent one, as they navigate between traditional and modern sexual norms. In their ongoing marginalized life, the desire to experience something good (intimacy, confirmation, pleasure), outweighs the risk for something bad (STI, unwanted pregnancy, unwanted sex) which lead to a pragmatic view of sex and sexual risk-taking. Conclusion: Respect for this pragmatic sexual risk-taking and its many different layers of origin as well as for its positive meaning for the adolescents is needed. Furthermore, understanding these intersecting dimensions is essential if preventive work within this group is to be regarded as relevant by the adolescents themselves. Key-words: sexual health, risk-taking, youth, youth detention centers, prevention, safer sex
WHEN_OPPORTUNITY_korrektur.pdf
(5.706Mb)
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When opportunity outdoes risk : sexual risk-taking among adolescents ...
Lindroth, Malin; Löfgren-Mårtenson, Lotta (2012)
38th Annual meeting of the International Academy of Sex Research (IASR), Lisbon, July 2012conference
POSTER
English abstract: Background: Youth subjected to enforced placement due to criminality, alcohol or drug abuse or antisocial behavior is a vulnerable group; their overall health as well as their sexual health is worse than the one of their non-detained peers. In a previous survey we found elevated sexual risk-taking among Swedish adolescent at detention centers. What is the underlying significance of these risky sexual actions, such as first intercourse at the age of 11-12, sex under the influence of drugs or alcohol, and/or having unprotected sex with an unknown partner? Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted in 2011 with 9 girls and 11 boys aged 15-20 who at the time of the interviews were subject to mandatory care in enforced placement. Using constructivist Grounded Theory, these interviews were analyzed jointly with the results from a previous 2010 survey that included 148 detainees aged 15-20. Results: The sexual risk-taking can be understood along three separate but intersecting dimensions: the individual, the group and the society. Individual differences such as gender, age, ethnicity, substance abuse and cognitive ability affect the risk-taking. Like most adolescents in a normative context, the interned youth are seeking intimacy, confirmation and a sexual identity. Their search is an ambivalent one, as they navigate between traditional and modern sexual norms. For these teens from difficult backgrounds and with deleterious experiences, this process begins at an early age. Low school attendance leads up to a lack of basic sexual knowledge; in addition, alcohol and drug use, and in many instances a chaotic lifestyle all contribute to hazardous risk assessment. In their ongoing marginalized life, the desire to experience something good (intimacy, confirmation, pleasure), outweighs the risk for something bad (STI, unwanted pregnancy, unwanted sex). A pragmatic view of sex and sexual risk-taking occurs among the youth in this impacted population. Conclusion: Respect for this pragmatic sexual risk-taking and its many different layers of origin as well as for its positive meaning for the adolescents is needed. Furthermore, understanding these intersecting dimensions is essential if preventive work within this group is to be regarded as relevant by the adolescents themselves.
WHEN_OPPORTUNITY_korrektur.pdf
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Youth, Gender and Pornography - A Qualitative Study in Sweden
Löfgren-Mårtenson, Lotta (2008)
International Academy of Sex Research, IASR, Leuven 9-12 July 2008peer-reviewed
conference
PAPER
English abstract: Introduction and objectives: The visibility and accessibility of pornography in public space has increased dramatically over the last decade. In many Western societies, among them Sweden, there is a wide-spread concern about the implications and consequences of this development, especially for young people. However, seldom are young people’s own voices being heard in this debate. Our research tries to remedy this by asking teenagers about their experiences, views and relationships to pornography. Methods: Data were collected in 2006 through qualitative research interviews and focus groups with young people; 73 informants between 14 and 20 years of age are included in the study, 36 girls and 37 boys. Results: The increasing accessibility of pornography has contributed to a process of normalization with regard to young people’s attitudes and behaviours in relation to pornography. This change, however, is related to both age and gender, which allows us to talk about gender specific pornography careers. Our study also confirms the influence and growing importance of the pornographic script as a frame of reference or behavioural code that more or less explicitly prescribes how to look and what to do. However, it seems that most of our interviewees have acquired the necessary skills in how to navigate in the pornographic landscape in a sensible and reflective manner. Most of them seem to have the ability to distinguish between pornographic fantasies and narratives on the one hand, and real life sexual interaction and relationships on the other. Conclusions: Growing up in a society with an easily accessible pornography both lead to a defused view on sexuality and to a critical and reflective outlook. The impact of the so-called pornographic script is clear. However, at the same time the script brings to the fore an ambivalence towards sexuality, and to pornography specifically. It contains both pleasure and harmfulness in a way that seems to be both tempting and frightening.
Leuven 2008.pdf
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”Så att man inte går och gör fel!” : en pilotstudie om sexualkunskap ... Löfgren-Mårtenson, Lotta (2012)
Örebrokonferensen HAB2012other
Swedish abstract: BAKGRUND Sverige har haft obligatorisk sexualundervisning i skolan sedan 1955, men fortfarande tycks tillgång till information om den egna kroppen, sexualitet och relationer vara bristfällig inom särskolan. Andra sexuella riktningar och variationer än de gängse heteronormativa osynliggörs dessutom, och unga med intellektuella funktionsnedsättningar (IF) kan därmed ha svårare än andra att ”komma ut” som homo-, bi- eller transpersoner. Dagens skola innehåller också könsstereotypa drag, där flickor antas vara kärleks- och relationsorienterade, medan pojkar ses som driftsstyrda och får utgöra normen för sexualiteten. SYFTE Syftet med föreliggande pilotstudie är att utveckla kunskap som kan vara till gagn både för de unga och för personal inom särskole- och habiliteringsverksamheter i förmedlingen av sexualkunskap. Vilka erfarenheter har unga med IF av sexualkunskap? På vilka sätt, och av vilka, anser de att sexualundervisning ska förmedlas? Finns faktorer av betydelse för att kunskapsförmedlingen ska uppfattas som adekvat? Vilka teman gällande sex- och samlevnad anser ungdomarna vara av vikt, och varför? METOD OCH TEORI Kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer har genomförts med 16 unga med IF, 7 killar och 9 tjejer, i åldern 16-21 år. En intervjuguide med tematiska frågor har använts för att möjliggöra flexibilitet utifrån informanternas skilda språkliga- och kommunikativa förmåga. Intervjuerna har spelats in på band och transkriberats ordagrant. Därefter har en empirinära analys skett utifrån valda interaktionistiska perspektiv på sexualitet, framförallt den sexuella script-teorin. RESULTAT Flera av informanterna är osäkra på om de haft sexualkunskap överhuvudtaget. De önskar kunskaper både om kroppen och om relationer, och vill att informationen ska komma i olika livsfaser beroende på vad som är aktuellt. Hälften vill att det ska vara en välbekant person på skolan som håller i undervisningen, och hälften att det ska vara någon utifrån. Flera påtalar att det är bra om kunskapsförmedlingen sker i mindre grupper, s.k. tjej- och killgrupper. Fokus i undervisningen är enligt informanterna på heterosexualitet, sexuella risker och prevention. SLUTSATS I bilden som förmedlats framträder ett restriktivt sexuellt script med större fokus på oönskade graviditeter, sexuella övergrepp och sexuellt överförbara sjukdomar, än på bejakande av positiva aspekter av sexualiteten. Genom ett kritiskt normpedagogiskt förhållningssätt kan personal bidra till flerfacetterade perspektiv på sexualitet, som hjälper de unga med IF att utveckla förmågor och strategier för att i större utsträckning kunna ta ansvar för sin sexualitet.
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