Student Essays / Folkhälsovetenskap

Is Physical activity and effective tool to reduce depression after co...
ABIDI, SYED TAHA JAMIL : Malmö högskola/Hälsa och samhälle (2013)	2-year master STUDENT ESSAY

Hur har de nationella målområdena för folkhälsa implementerats i Skån...
Andersen, Kenneth; Larsson, Marie : Malmö högskola/Hälsa och samhälle (2006)	2-year master STUDENT ESSAY

English abstract:	The purpose of this study has been to map how Skanes 33 municipalities have implemented the 11 national public health objective aims. The study has been performed as a questionnaire together with interviews with public health coordinators chosen from these municipalities. The results from this study show that the main priorities lay within structural factors. Yet it also shows that the 11th objective aim (Reduced use of tobacco and alcohol, a society free from illicit drugs and doping and a reduction in the harmful effects of excessive gambling) bears the highest priority in Skane. The mapping shows that 18 of Skanes municipalities have public health coordinators. The result shows that 17 of Skanes municipalities have a public health plan and 14 of them also have public health coordinators. The majority of these municipalities have also implemented the 11 national public health objectives within their public health plan. According to the proposition (Mål för folkhälsan 2002/03:35) Aims for public health it is important to prepare a public health plan in order to achieve a comprehensive long-term well functioning of public health activity. The results from the study also show that only a few municipalities have prepared a welfare annual account, but that there is a strong urge to initiate their introduction on a more widespread scale.
Swedish abstract:	Syftet med denna studie är att kartlägga hur Skånes 33 kommuner har implementerat de nationella målområdena för folkhälsa. Studien har genomförts som en enkätundersökning samt intervjuer med folkhälsosamordnare i ett urval av dessa kommuner. Resultaten i studien visar att prioriteringen av målområdena primärt ligger på strukturella faktorer. Dock är målområde 11 (Minskat bruk av tobak och alkohol, ett samhälle fritt från narkotika och dopning samt minskade skadeverkningar av överdrivet spelande) det målområde som är högst prioriterat i Skåne. Kartläggningen visar att 18 av Skånes kommuner har en anställd folkhälsosamordnare. Resultatet visar att 17 av Skånes kommuner har en verksamhetsplan/folkhälsoplan, varav 14 av dessa kommuner har en anställd folkhälsosamordnare. Större delen av dessa har även implementerat de nationella målområdena för folkhälsa i kommunens folkhälsoplan. Enligt propositionen Mål för folkhälsan 2002/03:35 är det av största vikt att ställa upp folkhälsoplaner för att få ett sektorsövergripande och långsiktigt fungerande folkhälsoarbete. Studiens resultat visar även att endast ett fåtal kommuner har utarbetat välfärdsbokslut, men samtidigt finns det en stark vilja att påbörja arbetet med att ta fram lokala välfärdsbokslut.

Implementering fhmål i Skåne.pdf (749.7Kb)

Abandoned New-Born Babies In Kampala-Uganda
Ssendi, Anna Nanjobe : Malmö högskola/Kultur och samhälle (2012)	2-year master STUDENT ESSAY

English abstract:

Abstract Introduction: - An estimated number of 40 to 80 new-born babies are being abandoned by their mother in Kampala –Uganda annually. These children are usually dumped into dust bins, on streets, on hospital facilities, in bushes or in pit latrines. Aim:-The aim of this study was to investigate the goals of the organizations/institutions working with child abandonment in Kampala, to find out whom they collaborated with, to examine how the staff working with the organization/institution perceive the women who abandon and issue behind. Furthermore their personal incentives to continue to work with the problem, Method: A qualitative approach was used in this study and face to face semi-structured interview were conducted, since this was the best way to explore feelings, thoughts and attitudes of the respondents who gave answers to complicated questions. Research Questions: What are the main goals of the organizations/institutions and with whom do they collaborate with? What are their major hinders and needs? Do they see any progress? What are their perceptions of the mothers who abandon their new-born babies as well as the issues behind this cruel action? When did the staff became aware of this problem and what are the incentives driving them to continue do this work? Results: The results of the study were consistent with the research namely; the role of the organizations was reported being rescuing of the abandoned babies. First they are taken to the hospital during the first critical hours, thereafter are taken. to children court to get a permission to keep them in the children’s home; or find adoptive parent for these children who can give them love, care and education. Tracing mothers or family members was on the agenda, and in some case eventual re-unification was possible. The hinder which were met by the organization while doing their work were financial resources, misinformation about the organizations in the community, poor flow of information, lack of facilities to accommodate abandoned children, and poor collaboration with the government. Conclusion: The organizations/institutions are doing a good work, but procedures which are used at the moment are unfortunately not enough to reduce the problem. Therefore acute and new even radical approaches are needed to be put into consideration.

MY COPY OF FINA ... 01-17 UPPDATED VERSION.pdf (704.9Kb)

YOUNG MEN'S ATTITUDE TOWARDS COMPUTER- AND VIDEO GAMES. AN INTERVIEW ...
Djordjevic, Jelena : Malmö högskola/Hälsa och samhälle (2011)	bachelor STUDENT ESSAY

English abstract:	The knowledge of computer- and video game abuse and addiction among young people is very limited today. The sedentary lifestyle and physical inactivity that computer- and video games often involve can have negative consequences, and are becoming more common. A semi-structured interview was conducted on seven men between the ages of 17-29 in order to examine the driving forces behind men’s gaming behavior in their adolescence. In addition, information about game abuse among young people was gathered from professionals in the area of computer- and video games. This and links between computer- and video games and gambling have been made due to the lack of research on video and computer games. The former video game addicts have been categorized as recreational players, game problematics (who by themselves managed to stop abusing games) and game addicts, who have completely abstained from gaming to put an end to their addiction, while the others still play moderately and very little today. Actual and perceived control over themselves and their environment has been important determinants for the player’s former addiction. The reason why they stopped/decreased the gaming is essentially because they lost interest in games (not completely though), got other priorities and/or did not want to relapse and return to old problematic behavior. Gaming as an escape from a problematic life situation was a common feature among the addicts. The situation for the game addicts only worsened with time along with their game abuse. Although the experience of direct, incidental satisfaction has been a major driving force, it simultaneously led to game abuse. The time-consuming leisure activity had consequences on the mental and physical health, behavior and social development, as well as on the relationships to relatives, family situation, school attendance, social establishment and socioeconomic situation. To sum up, the informants developed an unhealthy and often destructive lifestyle because of the game habits.
Swedish abstract:	Kunskapen om TV- och datorspelmissbruk bland ungdomar är idag väldigt begränsad. Stillasittande/fysisk inaktivitet, som TV- och datorspel ofta innebär och som kan innebära negativa konsekvenser, blir allt vanligare. En semistrukturerad intervjustudie har genomförts på sju män i åldersgruppen 17-29 år i syfte att undersöka drivkrafterna bakom mäns spelbeteende i tonåren. Dessutom har information om spelmissbruk bland ungdomar inhämtats av fyra yrkesverksamma inom spelområdet. Detta samt kopplingar mellan TV- och datorspel och spel om pengar har gjorts p g a bristen på forskning om TV- och datorspel. De före detta spelmissbrukarna har kategoriserats som fritidsspelare och spelproblematiker (som lyckats sluta missbruka spel på egen hand), samt spelberoende, som fått avstå helt från spel för att få ett slut på sitt missbruk, medan övriga än idag kan spela i måttlig och ytterst liten mängd. Verklig och upplevd kontroll över sig själva och omgivningen har varit viktiga determinanter för informanternas spelmissbruk. Anledningarna till att de slutade/minskade på spelandet är att de i huvudsak tappade intresset för spel (dock inte helt), fick andra prioriteringar och/eller inte ville få återfall där de återgår till sitt gamla missbruksbeteende. Spelandet har haft en funktion som flykt från en problematisk livssituation, vilken med tiden endast förvärrats för de spelberoende parallellt med missbruket. Även upplevelsen av direkt, tillfällig tillfredsställelse har varit en stor drivkraft samtidigt som det har lett till spelmissbruket. Det tidsödande fritidsintresset fick konsekvenser på den psykiska och fysiska hälsan och beteendet, utvecklingen, relationer till närstående, familjesituationen, skolgången, den sociala etableringen samt den socioekonomiska situationen, vilket sammanfattningsvis ledde till att informanterna utvecklade en ohälsosam och ofta destruktiv livsstil.

UNGA MÄNS FÖRHÅ ... DATORSPEL (C-UPPSATS).pdf (758.1Kb)

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English abstract:	An increase of the gambling market has occurred recently. Despite expansion of the market, the research on the field is sparse. One of the acknowledged risk factors behind problem gambling is availability to gambling opportunities. The purpose of this study was to relate availability and gambling. The method is a literature review including 12 studies based on quantitative findings examining significant correlations. The result included some significant correlations. Increased availability to gambling opportunities led to increased gambling frequency and increased gambling expenditure, which contributed to more negative consequences from gambling. An increase in availability was discovered in areas with a more disadvantage population. In addition, it was difficult to find a linear correlation between availability and problem gambling. In conclusion, more research on the matter is a prerequisite to develop public health interventions to minimise problem gambling.
Swedish abstract:	Spelmarknaden har expanderat de senaste åren men dock råder det fortfarande en brist på forskning inom spelområdet. Flera riskfaktorer anses undergräva spelproblem. En av de största riskfaktorerna till just spelproblem anses vara ökad tillgänglighet. Syftet med studien var att undersöka relationen mellan spel och tillgänglighet. Metoden bestod av en litteraturstudie där tolv studier baserade på kvantitativ data analyserades. I resultatet framkom, att ökad tillgänglighet till spelmöjligheter ledde till ökad spelfrekvens samt att ökad omsättning på spel ledde till fler negativa konsekvenser från spelande. Större tillgänglighet påträffades bland områden med lägre socio- ekonomi. Dock var det mer komplext att påvisa signifikanta säkerställda samband mellan tillgänglighet och spelberoende. I slutsatsen yrkas på vidare forskning på området, då det är en förutsättning för att folkhälsovetenskapliga insatser ska kunna verka för en reducering av andelen spelberoende.