Doctoral Theses /LS IDV

Huliganlandskapet : medier, våld och maskuliniteter
Radmann, Aage : Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle Malmö Studies in Sport Sciences;13 (2013)	DOCTORAL THESIS

På spaning efter idrottsdidaktik
Schenker, Katarina : Malmö Högskola, Lärarutbildningen Malmö Studies in Educational Sciences;61 (2011)	DOCTORAL THESIS

English abstract:

In Search of Sport Didactics: The aim of this thesis is to examine sport didactics as a concept and tool for reflecting on PE education. An additional aim is to analyze course literature and teaching models. Special focus is given to mandatory course literature devoted to dance, orienteering, swimming and ball games. Sport didactics may be regarded both as a research area and as education theory. This thesis adopts the latter perspective. The thesis starts by considering the concept of didactics. Further, different traditions in subject-matter didactics, including that of sport didactics, are compared. Different countries have different traditions, as do different disciplines, which enables researchers to approach subject-matter didactics from different backgrounds. Comparisons also show that subject-matter didactics, including sport didactics, need not be limited to dealing with school education but can also relate to other educational activities. On this basis a number of concepts describing sport didactics have been identified: teaching models, sport pedagogy models, theory of sport didactics, teaching method, teaching concept, societal pedagogical principle, the anatomy of teaching models and sport pedagogical reflection. The concepts are used to construct the tool to be used for analyzing the course literature. On the basis of the derivation of the concept, sport didactics is described as a tool for reflection on the sport teaching-studying-learning process. By applying different concepts sport didactics combines micro perspectives in the form of natural and behavioural science knowledge about learning and about the human body in motion with macro perspectives in the form of humanist-social science knowledge about learning, teaching and sporting in society. This definition makes it possible to relate concrete teaching to the problems of the subject which have been elucidated by sport-pedagogical research. The analyze of course literature and teaching models required empirics in the form of course literature in the areas of ball games, dance, orienteering and swimming. Four physical education (PE) teacher programmes were chosen. The study comprises 54 texts, including books, anthologies and articles (c. 5700 pages). The overwhelming character of the literature is uncritical, mainly concerning fostering with the focus on body culture (performance, experience, health/utility). The language of sport, together with tried experience, frequently constitutes the basis for being able to reflect on and talk about the teaching process and pupil development. In the literature which takes its starting point in social science and humanist perspectives the dominating perspectives are those in line with the body culture or activity advocated. Furthermore, the pupil is supposed to be provided with the appropriate experience and knowledge so as to be able to get by in present society (i.e. "in society as is"). The literature describing teaching models needs to encourage reflection and a critical attitude. There is also a gap between, on the one hand, literature describing sport didactics as a concept and, on the other hand, literature describing teaching models. The thesis demonstrates that sport didactics has the potential to ground teaching practice scientifically. The greatest challenge may be to tackle its close relation to sport. Sport & Health in school coexists with the sport movement and other organizations which advocate physical activity. There will probably always be interested parties with a desire to have an influence on the mission and content of the subject, to whom PE teacher education programmes as well as those representing the school subject are obliged to relate.

Schenker.pdf (1.838Mb)

Spelet på fältet. Relationen mellan ämnet idrott och hälsa i gymnasie...
Londos, Mikael : Lärarutbildningen, Malmö högskola Malmö Studies in Educational Sciences;55 (2010)	DOCTORAL THESIS

English abstract:

This study deals with physical education (PE) in secondary school. The purpose of the study is to analyze the relationship between PE in secondary schools and leisure time sports. Questions were directed towards discovering what PE teachers recognise as valuable in their teaching, and how physical education is related to factors that characterize the field of sports. The teaching practice of Physical Education and Health Course A is described. Statements from interviews of sixteen PE teachers regarding educational objectives, content, rating and implementation serve as the empirical basis of this study. A cultural-sociological approach, inspired by Bourdieu, was used to interpret the statements. The results showed that the teachers’ main objectives in teaching PE were to challenge the students physically and to allow them to experience the fun of physical activity. Ball sports, such as football and floor ball, are often used to meet these objectives. The fact that the "weaker" students—those who are dominated by more athletic students—find ball sports to be boring was taken for granted. These students thereby are subjected to symbolic violence. The grading system aggravates the situation, as physical prowess is taken into account. In addition, social skills in sports are included in the teacher's assessment. The study found that teachers used students that play ball sports for club teams to create interest in their classes. These dominant students gained influence in the PE class, and had a say in both the content of the class and in how activities were conducted. How PE is implemented using the logic of the field of sports is discussed. The conclusion addresses why the content of PE classes often fails to match up with the values of the school system, and why PE teaching is influenced by the field of sports, especially competitive sports. The findings of this study bring up many important issues with pedagogical implications for PE programs and their development. Will PE classes continue to be shaped by the logic of the field of sports, or can the content of the classes be modified to integrate into the schools' logic? By paying careful attention to how power and symbolic violence work, it is possible to make the sports-oriented doxa visible and thereby catalyze change.

ML_Spelet_på_fältet.pdf (4.810Mb)

Mellan fysisk bildning och aktivering : en studie av ämnet idrott och...
Ekberg, Jan-Eric : Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen Malmö Studies in Educational Sciences;46 (2009)	DOCTORAL THESIS

English abstract:

The purpose of this dissertation is to explore and shed light on the subject content within Physical Education and Health (PEH). The first aim of the study is to describe and analyse what knowledge is legitimate within the subject, in the syllabus, as viewed by teachers and during the realisation of lessons. The second aim is to clarify and analyse similarities and dissimilarities between these three levels studied. The theoretical framework used is curriculum theory, inspired by Linde’s and Bernstein’s theoretical work. In the field of formulation the material for analysis is the syllabus valid for the compulsory school, i.e. Lpo 94, and in the field of transformation it consists of semi-structured interviews with six PEH teachers who teach Year 9 in four different secondary schools. In the field of realisation the material involves 20 videotaped PEH lessons taught by the interviewed teachers. The empirical material was obtained during the 2003-2005 period. Issue-focused analysis is used, insofar as an analysis frame has been developed for the material, consisting of two analysis schemes, the first labelled Dimensions including four major categories. The first is movement with four subcategories: recreative, functional, formalised and aesthetic forms. The second major category comprises simple and complex concepts. The third and fourth are the inter- and intrapersonal categories focusing on the socialisation contents. The second analysis scheme has been labelled Qualities and contains the categories of understanding and ambiguity. The analysis shows that one can distinguish two largely dissimilar objects of learning in PEH, which differ most markedly between, on the one hand, the field of formulation (the “formulated object of learning”) and, on the other, the field of transformation and realisation (the “realised object of learning”). The contents of the field of formulation are largely reformulated in the field of transformation, but no major change takes place from the field of transformation to the field of realisation. The “formulated object of learning” primarily comprises functional physical exercise as well as conceptual development and the understanding of health and lifestyles. The “realised object of learning” consists of formalised sports but also of physical exercise elements, the concepts used being mainly simple concepts, and the focus lying primarily on a low degree of understanding and ambiguity. The results also indicate that PEH is weakly classified and non-paradigmatic from the point of view of its learning object. Consensus is low as regards what knowledge is considered legitimate within the subject. Finally, the study suggests a focus on the concept of “fysisk bildning” (e.g. physical education), which should be understood in relation to the two analysis schemes developed. This also entails the possibility of reproducing a previous culture of sport as well as producing and creating a new and more complex sports culture.

Mellan fysisk bildning och aktivering.pdf (1.141Mb)

Idrottens väg till folkhemmet : studier i statlig idrottspolitik 1913...
Norberg, Johan R : SISU idrottsböcker Malmö studies in sport sciences;No. 1 (2004) Med sammanfattning på engelska	DOCTORAL THESIS

English abstract:

Swedish sports, with their unified/uniform organisation and democratically evolved structure, represent in many ways the archetype of a popular movement. However, the sports movement has also since the beginning of the 1900s received regular – and over time substantial – state support. In addition, the main sports organisation, Sveriges riksidrottsförbund,(RF) has developed a close co-operative relationship with government powers. This intimate sport-and-state relationship highlights a question regarding organisational autonomy: has it been possible for the sports movement to retain its autonomy while at the same time accepting public funds? Or, put another way: how are we to comprehend government politics vis-à-vis sport? As a strategy to control the voluntary movement, or an attempt to encourage its independence? As shown by these questions, the aim of this thesis is to produce a characterisation of the state’s relationship with the sports movement. More tangibly: to analyse how the relationship between the autonomy of sports clubs and associations, and government control, was resolved in Swedish sports politics between 1913 and 1970. Theoretically, the investigation takes it’s starting point in a politico-philosophical discussion on “what the state should be doing”. Three idealtype-constructed positions on how the state can act towards the sports movement are presented: passive neutrality, active neutrality and perfectionism. In regard to an adjacent question, “what the state can do”, a perspective of legitimacy is applied, signifying that the state’s possibilities of political control are limited by the sports movement’s propensity for autonomy. The subsequent empirical study is divided into three themes: government economic support for the sports movement, the role of RF as an authority, and the taxation of sport. The investigation shows that active neutrality was a dominating principle in the state’s relation to the sports movement. The primary aim of economic support for sport was not in order to govern, but to strengthen the movement’s character of a voluntary and independent mass movement. But the state’s neutrality was not unconditional. The government demanded extensive measures designed to control the use of public funds. Moreover, the principle that economic support was not a gift was clearly emphasised. Attached to the grant was thus the condition that the movement itself took on the responsibility of ensuring sport’s development as wholesome, voluntary and idealistic. This policy can be most easily understood as an implicit contract between the state and RF. Its main function was ensuring the sports movement’s right to both state support and a relatively high degree of autonomy, conditional upon it reciprocating by voluntarily bearing a public welfare responsibility.

Doctoral Theses /LS IDV

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Doctoral Theses /LS IDV

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