Utskrift från Malmö högskola - mah.se
Student Essays / Globala politiska studier
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Student Essays / Globala politiska studier
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Kurdish minority rights: What’s the problem represented to be? 
Hagberg, Anna; Horodinca, Antonia; Hedelund, Simone; Hillerup, Ida : Malmö högskola/Kultur och samhälle (2013) STUDENT ESSAY 
English abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate statements made by the leader of the Kurdistan Workers Party (the PKK), Abdullah Öcalan. The selection of material and scope were motivated by a rhetorical shift of strategy of the historically violent PKK, proposing cooperation as a solution to the suppression of the Kurdish minority within the Turkish nation-state. Investigation of the statements was done using Carol Bacchi’s “What’s the problem represented to be?” approach. It was chosen as both methodological frame and theoretical approach. The primary objective is to interrogate problem representations. The “WPR approach” constitutes a reflective research practice enabling critical assessment of what presuppositions and assumptions constitute a particular problem representation. Critically investigating a problem representation and its proposed solution resulted in an advanced understanding of the conflict between the Kurdish minority and the Turkish nation-state. What showed most interesting in the conducted study was not merely investigating this representation, but rather unraveling its underlying and supportive components such as presuppositions, assumptions, dichotomies and categorisations. A central finding was the discovery of what was left unproblematic and silenced in this particular problem representation. -
Tahrir Sq. Location and Goal: On Changes in the Liberal Political Dis...
Heinrich, Isaac : Malmö högskola/Kultur och samhälle (2012) bachelor
STUDENT ESSAY
English abstract: Liberal Arab thought has long been fighting for elbow room in the political discourse in Egypt. The ruling nationalist–statist ideology from Nasser to Mubarak is renown for its repression of political dissidents, and the Islamist opposition often side with the ruling elite in its resistance against liberal reformers and democratization. Political liberalism is associated with a host of professional and personal risks and many are silenced. The Arab Spring revolutions across the MENA from December 2010 throughout the spring of 2011, however, seem to have revived the interest for liberal ideas in the Arab world. This thesis investigates the impact of the Arab Spring on the liberal Arab discourse in Egypt. It asks whether the revolution has lead to increased opportunities for liberal Arabs to voice their opinions, and how the tone of the public debate has been affected. A discourse analytical research method is used to scrutinize thirty opinion pieces from two major Egyptian newspapers in the timeframe November 2010–September 2011, on eight sample days. The work also considers 115 articles published after the revolution on the sample days to monitor the impact of the events on the public debate quantitatively. The study finds that the most salient feature after February 2011 in the op-ed material examined is the forming of the “Tahrir Square discourse,” a symbolically charged ideational entity that associates itself with liberal political rhetoric and values. It is a major influence during the stated period affecting 77% of the 115 post-revolution articles. The Tahrir Square discourse is an expression of a more permissive climate for voicing liberal and reform-friendly opinions, the thesis concludes. The empirical material exhibits more profuse mentioning of and advocacy for these values after the revolution. The tenor and rhetorical mode vary greatly in the studied articles; despite this, a broad support for the revolution itself is present. The study, however, is reluctant as to the permanence of these changes. 
IsaacHeinrichBAThesis.pdf
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Svenskt bistånd som ett biopolitiskt verktyg: En teoribekräftande dis...
Fredenman, Ljubomir Love : Malmö högskola/Kultur och samhälle (2012) 1-year master
STUDENT ESSAY
English abstract: This one-year master’s thesis is a theory-confirming case-study on strategy reports from the Swedish humanitarian aid organization Sida. Its aim is to test Professor Mark Duffield’s theory, which suggests that humanitarian aid is a biopolitical instrument that is used by Western liberal nations in order to contain and control populations in the under-developed world. The theoretical framework is built on Duffield’s nine theoretical statements that are also used as analysis instruments in this study. The method that is used is discourse analysis and it has worked well together with the theoretical tools that are used for the analysis. The main finding is that Sida in its practice is acting as the biopolitical instrument in such way that Duffield suggests. His theorizations are hence considered to be confirmed. My analysis shows that there are gaps between Sida’s strategy plans that are conducted in order to democratize the peoples of the under-developed countries, and the under-developed people’s own will to be represented as subjects to the Western World’s dominance and educative trusteeships. Keywords: Biopolitics, development, discourse, humanitarian aid, liberalism, security Swedish abstract: Denna magisteruppsats bekräftar Mark Duffields teori om att liberala länder från västvärlden använder humanitärt bistånd som ett biopolitiskt verktyg. Detta gör de i syfte att kapsla in och kontrollera överflödsbefolkningar i den underutvecklade världen så att de inte kan utgöra ett hot mot den egna säkerheten. Uppsatsen är en teoribekräftande fallstudie som med analysdiskurs som metod undersöker Sidas egna strategirapporter på tio afrikanska länder, vilka är mottagare av det svenska biståndet. Studiens teoretiska ramverk bygger på nio begreppsdefinitioner, vilka även ligger till grund för Duffields egen forskning på det studerade fenomenet. Tillsammans med diskursanalysen bildar detta teoretiska ramverk ett kraftfullt analysinstrument som har fungerat väl i analysen av Sidas strategirapporter, vilka utgör studiens empiriska urval. Förutom att bekräfta Duffields teori, synliggörs även diskrepansen mellan Sidas implementeringar av demokrati, mänskliga rättigheter och jämställdhet; och biståndsberoende befolkningarnas ovilja att adoptera värderingar som dikteras av andra än dem själva och som positionerar dem som subjekt åt västvärldens uppfostrande förmyndarskap. -
The Influences of Kurdish Question on Turkish Foreign Policy in the p...
OZCAN, Hatice Nur : Malmö högskola/Kultur och samhälle (2011) 1-year master
STUDENT ESSAY
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Överväganden i ett anarkiskt samhälle: Klassisk realism, den engelska...
Persson, Maria : Malmö högskola/Kultur och samhälle (2012) bachelor
STUDENT ESSAY
English abstract: Since Muammar al-Qadhafi seized power in Libya, the country's history has been characterized by a series of violent events, both in its relation to other states, but also in its internal affairs. In the middle of February 2011 violent demonstrations erupted in Libya which was countered with violence by Qadhafi´s regime. The international community observed the violence, which led to the adoption of resolution 1973, by the Security Council. This thesis is based on a legal method combined with a case study for the purpose of explaining the adoption of resolution 1973, and the factors which might had contributed to the adoption of the resolution. The analysis is based on the legal framework established in the UN Charter, and the thoughts of the classical realism and the English school constitutes the theoretical framework. This study has resulted in the conclusion that the international community has acted on its commitments outlined in the UN Charter, that states act pursuant to its interests and survival, and that the society of states pursue to attain their common goals and to preserve the existing system. Keywords: Classical realism; The English school; UN Charter; International peace and security; States self-interest; Common goals of the society of states Swedish abstract: Sedan Muammar al-Qadhafi tog makten i Libyen har landets historia präglats av en rad våldsamma händelser, både i statens relation till andra stater, men också inom landets interna angelägenheter. I mitten av februari 2011 utbröt våldsamma demonstrationer i Libyen som möttes med våld av Qadhafis regim. Detta våldsutövande uppmärksammades av det internationella samfundet, och ledde fram till att FN:s säkerhetsråd antog resolution 1973. Denna uppsats bygger på en juridisk metod kombinerat med en fallstudie för att förklara säkerhetsrådets antagande av resolution 1973 samt vilka faktorer som kan antas vara bidragande till att denna resolution antogs. Analysen bygger på det regelverk som fastslagits i FN-stadgan och det teoretiska ramverket utgörs av den klassiska realismens och den engelska skolans tankar. Studien har kommit fram till att det internationella samfundet har agerat utifrån sina åtaganden beskrivna i FN-stadgan, och att stater agerar utifrån att skydda sina intressen och överlevnad samt att statssamhället strävar efter att uppnå sina gemensamma mål och bevara det befintliga systemet.
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